Grapevine Red Blotch Disease (GRBD)

Grapevine Red Blotch Disease (GRBD) is caused by the Grapevine Red Blotch Virus (GRBV) and is recognized as a significant threat to grapevine productivity and fruit quality. Infected vines typically exhibit reddening or purpling of leaf veins and interveinal areas, reduced photosynthetic activity, delayed fruit ripening, and lower sugar and anthocyanin accumulation in berries, which directly affects wine quality. The virus spreads primarily through infected planting material, though insect vectors like the three-cornered alfalfa hopper (Spissistilus festinus) may also contribute to its transmission in some regions. Management of GRBD relies on planting certified virus-free material, removing infected vines, monitoring for symptoms, and controlling potential insect vectors. Early detection is crucial because the disease progresses slowly and can remain undetected for multiple growing seasons, gradually reducing vineyard health and yield.